Persuasive Essay The Selfish Gene - 1733 Words

What is one of the first things you’ll hear about working in the TV industry? That it’s a good, exciting career path? That you’ll work with great people, have great, varied experiences, or earn a living doing what you love? No. We are told that it is cut-throat. And more often than not, we are told that the only way we will be successful is if we act the same. We can’t even be nice. Ever heard the words â€Å"too nice for this industry† aimed at somebody? â€Å"I know work can get busy, you are ambitious and driven, but that’s no excuse for rudeness or throwing someone under the bus. Maintain your dignity, remember Karma’s a bitch.† (Wright, blog, 2014) The world we live in goes about success in the wrong way. According to Richard Dawkins’ ‘The Selfish Gene’, we are all born with inherently selfish genes, in-built for our survival: to self-preserve, to keep oneself safe from predators, to get what you need and keep it to survive. But this does not fit in our current society. As Dawkins states himself, â€Å"Let us try to teach generosity and altruism, because we are born selfish. Let us understand what our own selfish genes are up to, because we may then at least have the chance to upset their designs, something no other species has ever aspired to.† (Dawkins, 1976, p.3) Now, does this mean I’m asking you to be utterly, completely selfless? No. There is something about this quote that is wrong. It is not selfishness we need to get rid of, it’s exploitation. â€Å"The dictionary definesShow MoreRelatedEdc1100 - Society Begins at Home2682 Words   |  11 Pagestakes an objective look at two books written by author Sue Gerherdt, Why Love Matters: How Affection Shapes a Baby’s Brain and The Selfish Society. Weale emphasizes Gerherdt’s main objectives of both books, being how environment and experience at the start of life and through early childhood, namely childcare, effect a child’s development and ultimately society. This essay will analyse and evaluate four issues raised throughout the article with the intention of answering the question â€Å"is our futureRead MoreEthnic Reproduction and the Amniotic Deep: Joy Kogawas Obasan13316 Words   |  54 Pagesattractiveness really no more than averageness? women select partners who enable them to enhance This seems unlikely. For example, if we describe reproductive success, thus ensuring the survival of their someone as ‘average-looking’, we usually mean that genes into the next generation. Although Playboy centrefolds have shown a 20 per cent s/he is neither ‘good-looking’ nor ‘ugly’, and movie stars and sex symbols aren’t obviously average (otherwise decline in plumpness over the years (see Chapter 44), Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesCommunication 341 †¢ Nonverbal Communication 341 Organizational Communication 342 Formal Small-Group Networks 343 †¢ The Grapevine 343 †¢ Electronic Communications 345 †¢ Managing Information 349 Choice of Communication Channel 350 xiv CONTENTS Persuasive Communications 351 Automatic and Controlled Processing 351 †¢ Interest Level 352 †¢ Prior Knowledge 352 †¢ Personality 352 †¢ Message Characteristics 352 Barriers to Effective Communication 353 Filtering 353 †¢ Selective Perception 353 †¢ InformationRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesalmost any worker to put forth more effort. 26. a. In the long run, people can improve this country’s economic strength through responsible action. b. The economic health of this country is largely beyond the control of individuals. 27. a. I am persuasive when I know I’m right. b. I can persuade most people even when I’m not sure I’m right. 28. a. I tend to plan ahead and generate steps to accomplish the goals that I have set. b. I seldom plan ahead because things generally turn out OK anyway. 29

Taking a Look at Naturalism - 1496 Words

Naturalism The style of naturalism, naturalistic writers writers, and naturalistic works were very influential during the1880’s to 1940’s. Naturalism began as a literary movement that used some what of a detailed realism of things to prove that social conditions and environment had shaped the human race. This form of literature was a way of explaining the ways and beauty of everyday reality.Unlike Romanticism, the use of romance to influence the reader, or Surrealism, the use of artworks and writings, the readers did not need any type of idealistic or supernatural treatment. Most writers of naturalism became influenced of Darwinism, or the theory of evolution. They believed that the characters social environment determined who they truly were. Most, but not all, naturalistic works exposed the harshness of life. For this reason, naturalistic writers were constantly criticized for focusing on the misery of the world. Within naturalistic works, different styles are used. There are mo re styles of writing in literature but not all of them are used in naturalism.Three of the most common styles or forms of writing are satire, impressionistic, and sensational. These styles have some similarities but are used for different reasons. Satire is the critique of what the author sees as dangerous religious, political, moral, or social standards. It is sometimes graphic that focuses on abuses and shortcomings with the intent of discriminating individuals, corporations, government orShow MoreRelatedThe Mind : The Common Ground Of Science And Spirituality851 Words   |  4 Pagesconsciousness. Alan Wallace takes a look into becoming consciously aware of your own self and consciousness in his book, â€Å"Embracing Mind: The Common Ground of Science and Spirituality.† However, this idea of metaphysical materialism and naturalism can challenge this notion of conscious awareness because it involves this idea that our mind can persuade our body, whereas metaphysical materialism/ naturalism believes that the body persuades the mind. Therefore, Wallace’s look at conscious awareness is challengingRead MoreThe Struggle for Identity in A Dolls House1094 Words   |  5 PagesThe naturalism focuses that led to ident ity struggles in the novels The Time of the doves and A Doll’s House victimizing the characters. Characters in both novels have demonstrated a naturalism focus in the Time of the Doves and A Doll’s House. Naturalism in novels is a literary movement that involves environments, heredity and social conditions in determining the human character. In the novels, the characters are incapable of determining the outcome of their own lives because it is predestinedRead MoreThe Fountainhead by Ayn Rand and The Open Boat by Stephen Crane867 Words   |  4 Pagestheir own decisions to go where they wanted to go in their own free will. In the story â€Å"The Open Boat† men have shown to open to their own instincts and follow their own path for survival. Both stories show many forms of determinism, objectivism, naturalism, collectivism, realism, etc. All to be shown at their own free will Ayn Rand was young when she was exposed to many forms of society. She spent most of her childhood growing up in Russia. She learned the ways of capitalisms and it flaws. She detestedRead MoreWorldview Assignment Essay examples748 Words   |  3 Pagesus. However â€Å"Naturalism† assumes that God does not exist. Pantheists believe everything goes through a cycle of birth, life, death, and rebirth, until one reaches the state of Nirvana. Theism believe the only one God exist, and is usually personal and relates to all humankind in a very close way. The Bible says â€Å"In the beginning God created the heaven and earth.† (Genesis 1:1) 2. The Question of Identity- naturalism is ideas mankind is a product of evolutionary forces. They look to understandRead MoreCharacter Helped Shape America901 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican rural life are poverty in the time the history is set up. Late nineteenth century and first decades of twentieth century, Wharton on what it can be seen as a use of the naturalism literary movement, show the reader the reality of poverty in America, in espcific representing the early state of the New England states. Taking in consideration also, that after the civil war ended, the major economic focus moved down up New England states to cities like New York. Examples of poverty in the book, canRead MoreAnalysis Of Ah 201 - Dr. Curtis Kahrin Spear814 Words   |  4 Pagesface. Also, the hair on the painter darkens by shadow from the left to the right. Lastly we look at the marble flooring and see the light bouncing off the white tiles gradually becomes less following this same pattern. As previously mentioned, the subject the painter is perceived to be painting is the muse of Clio. She is symbolic of history itself. Miedema divides this allegory into three dimensions: naturalism, busyness at work, and ars or craft. We see it in Clio, the painter himself, and the objectsRead MoreAnalysis Of Stephen Crane s The Open Boat1543 Words   |  7 PagesNaturalism is a literary genre that focuses on how the role of social conditions, family background, and the environment shape the character. Most stories are based on the idea that the environment determines and governs human character (2015). Naturalists depict their characters as having little or no control over their lives, as they are usually removed of their free will by uncontrollable external forces (such as nature) or if they are in a lower class of society. Some characteristics of naturalistRead MoreTranscendentalism, Realism, Naturalism, And Existentialism- Shaped The Advancement Of American Literature1486 Words   |  6 PagesTranscendentalism, Realism, Naturalism, and Existentialism- shaped the advancement of American literature. They were considered to be theoretical and political philosophies which held important positions in the development of modern literature. The original authors, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Mark Twain, Lawrence Sargent Hall, and Jerome David Salinger, presented works inspiring new perspectives and social outlooks upon reality and it’s offerings. Through characterizing the progress of the philosophiesRead MoreThe Conflict Between Evolutionary Psychology And Scientific Scripture Scholarship912 Words   |  4 Pagesthat â€Å"merely finding or positing a source of religious belief...does nothing to discredit such belief, and neither does pointing out that the source in question delivers false positives [and] so far we don’t have conflict (140-141).† For instance, taking Freuds account of religion and God as illusory, the author notes how people who ex perience intense suffering, who cling to religion as a source of meaning and guidance in turbulent times—even assuming their beliefs are baseless illusions—can stillRead MoreEssay on Dionysus with Pan845 Words   |  4 Pagesfeature of Dionysus and Pan is smooth, graceful, and very close to the natural form. The way Dionysus’ left leg is crossed over his right leg conveys that both were just standing and not moving. It is not telling a specific story; rather, it is just taking a moment out of the life of two people which are of a god and his follower in this case. The texture is smooth since it was created from marble. Dionysus’s characteristics of being the god of wine are represented in several elements in this work

Othello

Othello- Good Vs Evil- Essay Othello A Racist Play?- Although there are lots of things to suggest this is a racist play I dont think that racism actually dominates the play, even though it has a racist theme. There is a romantic union between black and white which gets destroyed because most people think the relationship is wrong. At the time the play was written, 1604, even the Queen of England was racist so there must have been a strong hatred of blacks around that time. Most racist comments in the play are said by people that are angry or upset. For example, when Emilia found out that Othello had killed Desdemona she was extremely mad and she called Othello a Blacker devil, this was the only time in the play that she had said anything racist about Othello. The main characters that have racist attitudes are Iago, Brabantio, Roderigo and Emilia, with the hatred of Othello as the basis for their racist actions and comments towards him. Iago is the most racist character in the book as he has it in for Othello ri ght from the start. What sparks off Iagos hate towards him is the fact that when Othello chose his lieutenant , it was Cassio who was chosen instead of Iago. What made Iago angry was the fact that Cassio had no experience in war when he did and Cassio was chosen instead of him. Iago does not say anything racist to Othellos face but he has a lot to say against him behind his back. He schemes to destroy Othello and anything in his way including Cassio and Desdemona. The first time we hear one of his racist comments is when hes talking to Brabantio about Othello and Desdemona, Even now, very now, an old black ram is tupping your white ewe. Iago says this to try and turn Brabantio against Othello. Iago uses racist comments all the way through the play, as he tries to turn people against Othello, for example calling him a Barbary Horse. He never says anything racist to Othellos face because in his plot he had to be his best friend, so as not to make him suspicious that Iago was causing a ll the trouble for him. Iago is jealous of Othello for many reasons, one being that Othello has higher ranking in the army than him, and also he has a good marriage with Desdemona which Iago does not have himself with Emilia. These are the main causes of his hatred for Othello and the reason he adopts such a racist attitude. Roderigo is another one of the racist characters in the play, being so right from the start. He is Iagos accomplice and will do anything that Iago wants him to. I think he does this because of the way Iago can twist a situation to make it sound as if Roderigo would get something good from it but in the end he doesnt. One of the racist names he calls Othello behind his back is Thick-lips . He hates Othello because hes jealous of him as he also loves Desdemona but cannot have her. I dont think he views Othello in a very bad, racist way but uses the racism against Othello because hes jealous of him. Neither Roderigo or Iago would say anything racist to Othellos fac e as he is the general of the army. Brabantio is also a racist character, and is enraged when he finds out that his daughter, Desdemona, has been seeing the moor behind his back. Brabantio is so mad he sends out his guards to catch Othello and put him in prison. Brabantio views Othello as a foul and dirty no good black, I think this racist view of his is because hes angry when he finds out that his daughter has been seeing this moor. Unlike Iago and Roderigo, Brabantio will openly make racist comments about Othello to his face such as, lascivious moor, Wheeling stranger. Brabantio can do this because he is the Senator of Venice and is higher in rank than Othello. The other character who is racist towards Othello is Emilia, the lady in waiting to Desdemona. Emilia is disgusted with Othello when she finds out that Othello had killed Desdemona this is the time she gets a chance to express her feelings about Othello, O, the more angel she, and you the blacker devil! Although this is the only time she says what she thinks of him, I think that she was racist towards Othello all through the play and did not approve of his relationship with Desdemona but just could not show it because she would get in trouble with her lord. Because Shakespeare wrote a play about a black and white union, which was later destroyed, I think it shows that hes not racist. I think he feels that the union between the two is right, but the relationship would never survive in a racist community at that time. He portrayed the union between Othello and Desdemona as a good thing, and the people who destroyed it, mainly Iago and Roderigo as evil. This shows once again that he approves of a black and white relationship and therefore was not racist himself. Once before Shakespeare wrote a sonnet about his mistress which says, for example, If snow be white, why then her breast be dun He writes about his mistress being black when other poets of that time wrote about how their mistresses were white. Th e other poets were the racist ones, they girlfriends were always white and perfect, Shakespeare wrote about how his mistresses is black and not very beautiful. Although the play has a strong racist theme against blacks I dont think that the play is racist. Catherine the Great of all Russia EssayCategory: English

Keirsey Temperament Sorter Essays - Keirsey Temperament Sorter

Keirsey Temperament Sorter The Keirsey Temperament Sorter is a test that best describes a person's personality. It consists of seventy questions that try to find out what kind of person you are. It tries to best identify where you like to focus your attention, how you prefer to take in information, how you like to make decisions, and the lifestyle that you prefer. This is a system that is supposed to accurately identify someone's personality. I was really anxious to do this test and I tried to answer every question as accurately as I could. After reviewing my score, I found out that I was an ISFP. Well, what exactly is an ISFP? It stands for Introvert, Sensing, Feeling, and Perceiving. Introvert is a person that prefers to focus on the inner world of thoughts, feelings, or impressions. I agree with this because I rely on feelings and impressions of others. I am able to sometimes see how others feel inside even if they don't show it on the outside. The Sensing part I strongly disagreed with. It says that Sensing is a type of person that likes to focus on the present reality and on the information brought by their senses. On the other hand, the N (iNtuitions), which is the opposite of the S, says that it is a type of person that focuses on possibilities and relationships and looks forward to the future. I think that I am more N then S. The next part says that I am more of feeling than thinking and means that I base my judgements on personal values and tend to be more person oriented. I agree with the part that says that I base my judgements on personal values but not on the part about being people oriented. I always get into fights with friends over my decisions or judgements because I base them on my values that often seem to be very different than others'. Finally, the P or perceiving, talks about how I like an adaptable, flexible, and a spontaneous approach to life and that I like to stay open to new experiences. I agree with this the most because it's the best one that most accurately describes me. Overall, I think that I am an INFP and not an ISFP. I still believe that the N describes me more than the S. I found this test to be more accurate than any other tests that I have taken. This test surprised me with the accuracy and I also liked taking it.

Examine the leadership issues free essay sample

Leadership is very important to organizations, especially teams or in companies. Good leadership could ensure that the members are going in the right direction, and that the business is successful. In the past, research has focused on the difference between leadership and management, whereas nowadays the potential advantage of leadership is more important, especially to the organizational performance and improved employee behavior. A number of recent articles (Cappelli et al. 2010; Ladkin and Weber 2011; Useem 2010) have explored the characteristics of a successful leader. The three articles all examine the leadership issues and challenges regarding what characterises attribute to be a successful leader. While the study by Ladkin and Weber focuses on leadership issues specific to the tourism industry, the article by Cappelli et al. focuses on leadership lessons from India companies. However, the reflection by Useem apply military leadership to business. A major concern of all three articles is that leaders require a variety of leadership skills. We will write a custom essay sample on Examine the leadership issues or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This review will compare these articles in relation to three specific skills: decision-making, communication and adaptive leadership. All the authors concur that an essential characteristic for leadership is decision-making. Cappelli et al. point out that India leaders tend to own the strategy function, setting the agenda and taking a visible role in strategy development (p. 92). Similarly, according to Useem, leaders have to make ‘good and timely call’ (p. 3), which is a focus of responsibility in a leadership position. Useem recommends that a leader should make fast and effective decisions after consulting staff, and should not expect perfection (p. 3). Ladkin and Weber state that the leader has to be very resilient in decision-making and has to make the decision in a confident manner, which is similar to the finding of Useem. However, Ladkin and Weber focus on being determined, whereas Useem focuses on more input from staff. All three articles state that communication is a specific leadership requirement although there is a difference in their methods. Cappelli et al. point out that India leader helps employees to find their own solutions by motivation and by fostering a closer relationship with them, even though this challenges the traditional India deference to hierarchy (p. 95). Cappelli et al. also note that India leader creates a sense of social mission, which is central to the company culture, and provide transparency on developing and personal modeling systems to encourage openness. They also enable communication and push making decision through the ranks, and invest in training (p. 95). Similarly, Useem asserts that it is important to create a personal link with employee and leading them through challenging times, which means employees need a direct connection to reinforce the leader’s message. Moreover, Useem recommends that the leader needs to find common ground and to set the direction, but avoid micromanaging that gives employee the freedom to improvise (p. 76). According to Ladkin and Weber, communication is identified with trust, perseverance and vision as the main components of leadership, and are connected with ‘credibility, dependability, accountability, self-confidence, loyalty and decisiveness’ (p.273). In addition, Ladkin and Weber also note that the leader needs to be very clear about aims and objectives, and they have to communicate with their subordinates clearly, if the leader gives the employee an equivocal direction, then staff will start to wonder. Both Cappelli et al. and Useem refer to a reciprocal relationship, which means e mployees have more influence of their leader, and the leader usually offers employees increased financial incentives to increase revenue. In contrast, Ladkin and Weber focus on one-way communication, and refer to motivating employees in non-financial ways, such as inspiring them to identify with the company’s mission. All three articles analyse the adaptive leadership skills. Ladkin and Weber point out that the current industry trends required changing leadership skills (p. 21). Ladkin and Weber recommend that as a leader need to not only prepare for the effect of future changes, but also to adapt to new technologies, different type of employees and new customer expectations (p. 285). Cappelli et al.describe India leaders have been trained in uncertain environments, and they have much greater ability to deal with uncertainty. Similar to Ladkin and Weber, Cappelli et al. mention that India leaders tend to be more creative, because they have to face different sorts of difficult situations (p. 97). Both articles emphasize that as a leader, they need to adapt to different uncertainties. Useem point out that ‘a culture of adaptability is vital to survival’ (p. 2), and as business leaders deal with more uncertainties, they can learn from military’s book. Useem believes that adaptive skills are needed in a fast-changing world of unprecedented uncertainty (p. 2). In contrast to the other authors, Useem’s idea comes from military and as a result it does not take into account the commercial reality and practicality into consideration. These three studies make significant contributions to the understanding of the requirements of becoming successful leaders. They provide the key requirements for a leader to possess detailed business knowledge. It is recommended that future researches are based on the balance between profit perusing and relationship building.

History of Empires in Past and Modern World

History of Empires in Past and Modern World Introduction All through history, there have always been reports of the growth and development of empires. The Egyptian, Roman and Greek empires are but some of the greatest empires during medieval times (Haspeslagh, 2010). During the 16th and 17th century, the Spanish empire was one of the strongest empires in the world.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on History of Empires in Past and Modern World specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Later on, during the 19th and 20th century, the British Empire became the largest and strongest empire in the world (Hofstede and Hofstede, 2005). Even at the present day and time, there are empires. However, the composition and operation of the current empires are somewhat different to those of ancient times. This essay shall thus compare and contrast ancient and modern empires in order to determine their similarities and differences. Empires Contemporary empires differ a lot in the manner i n which they are constituted and operated (Hobsbawm, 2003). The modern world has become vast and almost everything is integrated. As a result, each and every action is dependent on many other factors and its overall outcome has the chance of affecting almost all aspects of life. During the beginning of the 21st century, for instance, SARS, a respiratory disease that originates in China affected transport, communication, international relations, the global market and the entire economy of the world (Hobsbawm, 2003). This is because the world that we are living in currently is mainly dependent on globalisation. Thus, a lot of operations other than political matters are conducted across the physical boundaries of nations (Hofstede, 2009). This globalisation is mainly dependent on technological advancement. Thus, many nations have adopted technology, which has been incorporated even into the military to ensure that states are able to defend their citizens and interests effectively and e fficiently. At the present moment, USA is the largest empire in the world. However, to achieve this, it has used relatively different tactics as compared to ancient empires (Hofstede, 2001). However, the manner in which the United States Empire is organized is quite different as compared to that of ancient empires like the British Empire during the 20th Century for instance.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More USA is a vast nation comprising of individuals from different nationalities hence it has a universal purpose (Deusen et al, 2003). In addition, the empire comprises of a number of satellite states mainly in the west that have come into an alliance that has benefits from both ends thus it does not colonize its subjects. Britain on the other hand is a small nation that mainly comprises of individuals from similar culture and backgrounds hence the British Empire had a British purpose. Despite that the British Empire comprised of approximately a quarter of the globe during the 20th century, all of these territories were actually acquired via colonization (Minkov, 2007). However, the British did not control the world to achieve political or military supremacy. Instead, they control the world for economic reasons in order to get raw materials and convert them into finished products that were sold to developing countries at exorbitant prices (Alessio, 2010). The US Empire on the other hand mainly works hard to protect its internal interests (Hobsbawm, 2003). During the 21st century, the US Empire has worked hard to protect its industries from external competition (Asenova et al, 2002). In addition, the nation also strives for arms power especially during the cold war. Thus, these two empires were based on the concept of globalization but had different interest (Jovanovic, 2011). Conclusion In history, several empires have been in existence. Ho wever, the manner in which ancient and current empires are constituted is quite different. Despite the fact that both of these empires have been based on globalization, modern empires like the US Empire strive to achieve economic and military supremacy while ancient empires like the British Empire aimed at meeting their own interests that was economic sustainability. Therefore, both of these empires have some element of similarity and difference. References Alessio, D 2010, ‘Monopoly Imperialism: How Empires can be Bought or Leased’,  Social Affairs Europe, Sage, London.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on History of Empires in Past and Modern World specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Asenova, D, Beck, M, Akintoye, A, Hardcastle, C and Chinyio, E 2002, ‘Partnership, value for money and best value in pfi projects: obstacles and opportunities’, Public Policy and Administration, Vol. 17 No. 4, pp. 5-20. Deusen, C, Mueller, C, Hofstede, G and Charles, T 2002, ‘What goals do business leaders pursue? A study in fifteen countries’, Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 33 No. 4, pp. 785-803. Haspeslagh, P 2010,’Corporate governance and the current crisis’, Corporate Governance, Vol. 10 No. 4, pp. 375-377. Hofstede, G 2001, Culture’s Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions and Organizations Across Nations, Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA. Hofstede, G and Hofstede, G J 2005, Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind, McGraw-Hill, New York. Hofstede, G 2009, ‘American culture and the 2008 financial crisis’, European Business Review, Vol. 21 No. 4, pp. 307-312. Hobsbawm, E 2003, The Empire Expands, Still Wider and Wider, https://www.counterpunch.org/2003/06/10/the-empire-expands-wider-and-still-wider/Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Jovanovic, M 2011, International Handbook on the Economics of Integration: Competition, Spatial Location of Economic Activity and Financial Issues, Edward Elgar Publishing, Sacramento. Minkov, M 2007, What Makes us Different and Similar: A New Interpretation of the World Values Survey and Other Cross-Cultural Data, Klasika i Stil Publishing House, Sofia.

Government Contract Law Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Government Contract Law - Assignment Example One of the commonest systems used to enforce the existence of propriety and fairness is the code of ethics. There is the code of ethics are enshrined in rules and regulations of companies at the local level. There are others that are put in place laws and policies such as Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR). PrintMark Publications is the new firm specializing in publishing and printing that is seeking to investigate how the code of ethics would impact its activities and programs. Evaluating the Raytheon Code of Ethics and relating it to the publishing organization, it can be said that the codes are very effective in avoiding any conduct that may even appear to be unethical. There are two major reasons why this position is taken. In the first place, the Raytheon Code of Ethics is very universal in nature. What this means is that the code identifies all person within the organization and what they are expected to do to avoid conduct that may appear to be unethical or inappropriate. Bowie (2002) lamented that there are organizations that refuse to accept the fact that codes should cover those at the top as well as those at the bottom. Consequently, such organizations only make codes to cover those at the bottom. In such situations, chances that acts of conflict of interest will be engaged in by senior management members are higher. The Raytheon Code of Ethics, however, covers both leaders and employees. The other rationale for saying the code is effective is tha t the code has been structured in such a way that it incorporates Government Accountability Office reports and decisions. This means that adopting such code would ensure that the organization’s ethics fit into the larger public ethical expectation in publishing. As explained earlier, the clauses selected from the Raytheon Code of Ethics will solve the specific ethical issue of the unlawful use of information as has persistently existed in the publishing industry. Within the publishing industry, there seems to be a very huge ethical dilemma when it comes to the interpretation of freedom of information law. There are many who tend to think that because of the existence of the freedom to information law, they can go every extent to access information from other people. Most of the time broadcasters feel that by becoming the first to break news they would become the most preferred destinations for news by the public.